Spaces of Communication Elements of Semio-Pragmatics Author: Roger Odin pdf book download

Book: Spaces of Communication
Elements of Semio-Pragmatics
Author: Roger Odin.

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In This Book____________________________
Film Theory in Media History

Film Theory in Media History explores the epistemological and theoretical 

foundations of the study of film through texts by classical authors as well as 
anthologies and monographs on key issues and developments in film theory. 

Adopting a historical perspective, but with a firm eye to the further development 
of the field, the series provides a platform for ground-breaking new research into 
film theory and media history and features high-profile editorial projects that 
offer resources for teaching and scholarship. Combining the book form with 
open access online publishing the series reaches the broadest possible audience 
of scholars, students, and other readers with a passion for film and theory.

Series editors________________
Prof. Dr. Vinzenz Hediger, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
Weihong Bao, University of California, Berkeley, United States
Dr. Trond Lundemo, Stockholm University, Sweden
Editorial Board Members
Dudley Andrew, Yale University, United States
Raymond Bellour, CNRS Paris, France
Chris Berry, Goldsmiths, University of London, United Kingdom
Francesco Casetti, Yale University, United States
Thomas Elsaesser, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Jane Gaines, Columbia University, United States
Andre Gaudreault, University of Montreal, Canada
Gertrud Koch, Free University of Berlin, Germany
John MacKay, Yale University, United States
Markus Nornes, University of Michigan, United States
Patricia Pisters, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Leonardo Quaresima, University of Udine, Italy
David Rodowick, University of Chicago, United States
Philip Rosen, Brown University, United States
Petr Szczepanik, Masaryk University Brno, Czech Republic
Brian Winston, Lincoln University, United Kingdom
Film Theory in Media History is published in cooperation with the Permanent 
Seminar for the History of Film Theories.

Establishing a Discipline, Cultivating a Field: Roger Odin and 
Film Studies in France
Born in 1939, Roger Odin belongs to the generation of film scholars who 
grew up in and were formed by the culture and atmosphere of post-war 
cinephilia.15 A linguist by training, a film club activist and a consummate 
amateur filmmaker, Odin became the first film scholar to ascend to a full 
professorship in cinema studies in a French university when he moved to 
Paris 3-Sorbonne Nouvelle from Saint-Étienne in 1983.

Film scholars had, of course, worked in French research institutions 
before. Christian Metz held a position in the École des Hautes Études en 
Sciences Sociales, a research institution in Paris which includes disciplines 
ranging from history to anthropology and economics, and which has also 
been the home of scholars such as Claude Lévi-Strauss, Pierre Nora, Jacques 
Derrida or, more recently, Thomas Piketty. 

Raymond Bellour had joined 
the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, another non-university 
“grand établissement,” at the invitation of Edgar Morin in 1964. Marie-Claire 
Ropars-Wuilleumier created a department of cinema from within French 
literature at the experimental university of Paris-Vincennes in the early 
1970s, an important step towards film studies as a discipline. In Spaces of 
Communication, Roger Odin pays tribute to her work with a subchapter 
dedicated to a re-reading of Ropars-Wuilleumier’s pioneering publications 

of that time. Furthermore, historians like Pierre Sorlin, Michèle Lagny or 
Marc Ferro focused their research on cinema from their respective positions 
in sociology and history departments.
But the department of cinema and audiovisual media at Paris-3 was to 
become the first proper film studies department in a French university. Odin 
moved quickly to expand the department with chairs in film aesthetics for 
former Cahiers critic Jacques Aumont and in film history for Michel Marie, 

who had written his dissertation under Ropars-Wuilleumier’s and Metz’s 
supervision and joined Paris-3 as a maître de conference (assistant professor) 
for cinema in 1974. Together with Aumont and Marie, Odin continued 
to expand the scope and size of the department during his twenty-year 
15 Antoine de Baecque, La cinéphilie. Invention d’un regard, histoire d’une culture, 1944-1968
(Paris: Pluriel, 2013).

tenure as its director, to the point where the department is now the largest 
of its kind in the world in terms of full professor positions, including one 
exclusively dedicated to the study of the economics of cinema currently 
held by Laurent Creton.
Odin was also instrumental in the creation of a doctorate in film stud-

ies at the national level. Decisions concerning the shape and structure of 
academic disciplines in France are in the hands of the national ministry 
of tertiary education and research rather than in the hands of individual 
universities. The doctorate as granted by the ministry is the birth certificate 
of a discipline. Roger Odin led a committee which developed a curriculum 
in cinema studies comprised of optional courses in secondary education, as 
well as undergraduate, graduate and doctoral degrees at the tertiary level. 
Following the committee’s

recommendation, the ministry created film 
studies doctorate in the early 1990s.16 This emancipated cinema studies 
from the neighbouring disciplines of literature, art history and history 
and secured its place among established subjects for tertiary education 
and research. It granted a license to universities across France to institute 
doctoral programs and departments in cinema studies. In quick succession, 
with Lyon-2, Rennes, Bordeaux and Montpellier among others emerging as 
new centers of film studies from the 1990s onwards.

Throughout his tenure at Paris-3 and beyond, Roger Odin has always 
insisted that he considered cinema studies to be a field rather than a dis-
cipline. This is an important distinction both in the light of the history of 
cinema studies in France and with a view to its development in a broader 
perspective. It is also a distinction which helps us understand how Odin’s 
work as a theorist intersects with his work as an institution builder.

One of the countries that lay claim to the invention of cinema, France 
has always had a uniquely vibrant film culture. It was built and fostered by 
institutions such as the ciné-club movement, which started in the 1920s and 
in which Roger Odin actively participated as a programmer and presenter 
during his years in Saint-Étienne. It was also built around institutions like 
the Cinémathèque française, which Henri Langlois established in the early 
1930s just as film archives sprung up around the world as salvage institutions 
for film history in the wake of the

 introduction of sound. French film culture 
was further sustained by a film criticism striving to elevate film to equality 
with the other arts, an effort best exemplified by the work of André Bazin 
16 Roger Odin, “Zur Etablierung der Filmbildung in Frankreich – Ein Erfahrungsbericht,” in: 
Malte Hagener, Vinzenz Hediger (eds.) Medienkultur und Bildung. Ästhetische Erziehung im 
Zeitalter digitaler Netzwerke (Frankfurt: Campus 2015), pp. 295–312.

A Democrac y of Readings and Objects 19
and the Cahiers du cinéma in the 1950s. Since the 1920s, the operative concept 
which brought all facets of French cinema culture together had been the 
notion of the director as auteur. First introduced to distinguish French 
films from the American competition in the 1920s, it became a selection 

criterion that served to distinguish art from mere merchandise and build 
canons of significant works in a global perspective from the 1930s onwards.
However, the first attempt to establish film studies in France had little 
to do with cinephilia or auteurism. The Filmology movement of the 1940s 
and 1950s was organized by producer/philosopher Gilbert Cohen-Séat at 
the Sorbonne, with help from Étienne Souriau, an eminent philosopher 
and France’s foremost aesthetic theorist at the time, and Henri Wallon, 

leading developmental psychologist who first described the mirror stage, 
which later made the fame of Jacques Lacan.17 As a top-down effort to study 
and control the social effects of cinema in the wake of the Second World 
War, Filmology initially met with scorn from cinephiles. A young Jean-Luc 
Godard signed up to quell the concerns of his Swiss bourgeois parents 
about his lack of interest in academic study, but he appears to never have 
attended classes. In 1951, André Bazin published a fierce polemic against 
the “filmologues” and their ignorance of cinema in the Cahiers under the 
pseudonym of Florent Kirsch (combining the first name of his son and the 
maiden name of his wife).18 The controversy petered out towards the end 
of the 1950s, when Filmology shifted its focus to television and eventually 
morphed into mass communication effects research in France and Italy.

When film studies finally found its place in the French university system 
in the 1980s the cinephile canon constituted the core of the curriculum. 
Universities are conservative institutions. Once a plausible claim could 
be made that cinema had produced a body of work equivalent to that of 
national literatures – a claim which the Cahiers critics had established and 
which Stanley Cavell strategically repeated in 1971, when he wrote in the 

Introduction to The World Viewed that classical Hollywood cinema had 
brought forth more masterpieces than the Elizabethan period in literature19
– chances improved for cinema studies’ acceptance as a discipline. Absent 
17 Edmund Lowry, The Filmology Movement and Film Studies in France (Ann Arbor: UMI Press 
1985); François Albéra, Martin Lefebvre (eds.) La filmologie, de nouveau, double issue of CINéMAS: 
Revue d’études cinématographiques/Journal of Film Studies, 19/2-3 (spring 2009); Vinzenz Hediger, 

Guido Kirsten (eds.) Filmologie (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, forthcoming).
18 Florent Kirsch [André Bazin], “Introduction à une filmologie de la filmologie,” in: Cahiers 
du cinéma, 5 (1951), pp. 33–38.
19 Stanley Cavell, The World Viewed: Reflections on the Ontology of Film (Cambridge, MA: 
Harvard University Press, 1971)




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